POTENSI METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI JAMUR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN SPONS LAUT SEBAGAI SUMBER SENYAWA ANTIKANKER
Abstract
Beban kesehatan yang ditimbulkan akibat kanker terus meningkat seiring dengan morbiditas
dan mortalitas yang nyata baik di negara maju maupun berkembang. Jamur laut merupakan
sumber metabolit sekunder yang berguna untuk tujuan penemuan obat. Sejumlah senyawa
metabolit yang dihasilkan oleh jamur laut telah menunjukkan efek antikanker kuat. Metabolit
Cytochalasin K yang dihasilkan jamur Arthrinium arundinis ZSDS1-F3 yang diisolasi dari
spons laut Phakellia fusca memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap lini sel K562, A549, Huh-7,
H1975, HL60, Hela, dan MOLT-4. Metabolit Disydonol A yang diproduksi oleh jamur
Aspergillus sp. yang diisolasi dari spons laut Xestospongia testudinaria memiliki aktivitas
sitotoksik terhadap lini sel HepG-2 and Caski. Metabolit Marilines A1 dan A2 yang
dihasilkan oleh jamur Stachylidium sp. yang diisolasi dari spons laut Callyspongia cf. C.
flammea memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap lini sel HLE. Dalam ulasan ini, kami
menyoroti beberapa jamur yang berasal dari laut dengan metabolit yang dapat memodulasi
aktivitas beberapa enzim yang berperan penting pada pertumbuhan dan metastasis sel tumor.
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