EFEK COVID-19 TERHADAP LARING
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) merupakan virus yang memiliki selubung single stranded Ribonucleic Acid (ss-RNA) yang menjadi penyebab penyakit Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Laring merupakan perbatasan saluran pernapasan dan saluran pencernaan sehingga mudah terkena infeksi COVID-19. Gangguan pada laring juga dapat terjadi akibat tindakan intubasi atau trakeostomi pada kasus COVID-19 derajat berat. Tujuan tinjauan pustaka ini adalah mempelajari mekanisme terjadinya infeksi COVID-19 pada laring baik infeksi secara langsung maupun akibat tindakan intubasi atau trakeostomi. Pencarian dilakukan melalui PubMed dan google scholar dengan kata kunci “COVID-19”, “laring”, “intubasi”, dan “komplikasi pada laring”. Hasil tinjauan Pustaka menunjukkan bahwa laring memiliki reseptor terhadap trans-membrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) dan angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Infeksi laring terjadi ketika ACE2 berikatan pada permukaan luminal epitel saluran napas sehingga dapat menyebabkan gejala edema laring, sesak napas, stridor, dan disfonia. Penatalaksanaan pada kasus laring disesuaikan dengan etiologi dan manifestasi yang dihasilkan. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah kasus COVID-19 memang jarang bermanifestasi pada laring, namun komplikasi pada laring dan setelah penggunaan post-intubasi sangat mungkin terjadi. Oleh karena itu, komplikasi COVID-19 terhadap laring tetap harus dipantau.
Kata kunci : ACE2, COVID-19, laring, TMPRSS2
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