MANFAAT LATIHAN FISIK PADA PENANGANAN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya saturasi oksigen akibat episode berulang dari penghentian atau tidak cukupnya aliran udara di saluran napas bagian atas selama tidur. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) merupakan pengobatan pilihan OSA, namun pengobatan CPAP secara terus menerus tidak dapat ditoleransi oleh semua pasien OSA, dan sering kali tidak cocok untuk kasus OSA ringan, sehingga perlu adanya pendekatan baru dalam penanganan OSA. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang manfaat latihan fisik pada penanganan OSA. Artikel ini bersifat studi literatur dengan sumber data berasal dari jurnal internasional berbahasa Inggris yang terbit pada tahun 2014-2023 yang pencariannya melalui database pada PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, dan Google Scholar. Hasilnya didapatkan bahwa latihan fisik secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan tonus otot dilator saluran napas bagian atas, mengurangi akumulasi cairan di leher, meningkatkan fase tidur gelombang lambat, mengurangi berat badan, mengurangi respons inflamasi sistemik, dan memperbaiki fungsi kognitif pada pasien OSA. Kesimpulannya adalah latihan fisik memberikan manfaat pada perbaikan kasus OSA sesuai temuan di atas, sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu metode pada penanganan OSA.
Kata kunci: latihan fisik, latihan olahraga, obstructive sleep apnea
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