GAMBARAN KADAR KREATININ DARAH DAN LAJU FILTRASI GLOMERULUS PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS GRADE III-V BERDASARKAN UMUR, JENIS KELAMIN, DAN KOMORBID
Abstract
Kejadian penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) di Indonesia semakin tinggi setiap tahunnya. Kadar kreatinin darah dan laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG) merupakan deteksi awal tersering, penentuan klasifikasi, penatalaksanaan, dan prognosis penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kreatinin darah dan LFG pada pasien PGK grade III-V berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, dan komorbid. Studi ini menerapkan metode deskriptif dengan data sekunder rekam medis periode Agustus - September 2022. Kriteria Inklusi yaitu pasien PGK grade III-V, memiliki pemeriksaan kadar kreatinin darah, LFG dan dirawat lebih dari 24 jam. Penghitungan Grading PGK menggunakan metode CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equation. Klasifikasi Grading PGK menggunakan GFR (glomerular filtrate rate) category. Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berdasarkan periode yang ditentukan. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi didapatkan 88 orang. Jenis kelamin terbanyak laki-laki 48 orang (53,4%). Klasifikasi PGK terbanyak di grade G3a (36,36%). Umur dominan pada masa lansia akhir 33 orang (39,77%). Komorbid terbanyak adalah penyakit metabolik sejumlah 23 orang (26,13%). Kadar kreatinin darah 1,08 mg/dL hingga 3,17 mg/dL (rerata 1,59 mg/dL). LFG didapatkan 16 mL/min/1,73 m2 hingga 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 (rerata 37,8 mL/min/1,73 m2). Sebagian besar pasien PGK grade III-V mengalami peningkatan kadar kreatinin darah (rerata 1,56 mg/dL) dan penurunan LFG (rerata 37,3 mL/min/ 1,73 m2). Peningkatan kadar kreatinin darah dan penurunan LFG disebabkan oleh turunnya fungsi filtrasi ginjal, sering terjadi pada pasien PGK dengan faktor risiko (lansia dan laki-laki) disertai komorbid.
Kata Kunci : kadar kreatinin, laju fitrasi glomerulus, penyakit ginjal kronis
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