HUBUNGAN ANTARA AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN RESTING HEART RATE PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN
Abstract
Resting Heart Rate (RHR) atau denyut jantung istirahat merupakan salah satu indikator penilaian risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Rendahnya aktivitas fisik dan tingginya tingkat stres pada mahasiswa kedokteran dapat meningkatkan RHR yang akan meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular dan menurunkan harapan hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dan tingkat stres dengan RHR pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta tahun 2022. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional pada 46 orang subjek yang dipilih menggunakan teknik proportional stratified random sampling. Pengambilan data RHR dilakukan secara langsung, sedangkan data aktivitas fisik dan tingkat stres menggunakan kuesioner GPAQ dan MSSQ. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Aktivitas fisik responden paling banyak pada kategori sedang, tingkat stres pada kategori berat, dan RHR pada kategori tinggi. Uji bivariat menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara aktivitas fisik dengan RHR (p = 0,665) dan antara stres dengan RHR (p = 0,226). Mahasiswa terbiasa melakukan aktivitas fisik harian dan menghadapi stresor selama menjalani perkuliahan. Terdapat kecenderungan RHR normal pada mahasiswa dengan aktivitas fisik sedang sampai tinggi, sedangkan pada mahasiswa dengan stres berat cenderung memiliki RHR tinggi.
Kata kunci : aktivitas fisik, denyut jantung istirahat, stres
DOI : 10.35990/mk.v7n1.p1-11
References
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2. Saxena A, Minton D, Lee DC, Sui X, Fayad R, Lavie CJ, et al. Protective Role of Resting Heart Rate on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality. Mayo Clin Proc, 2013;88(12):1420.
3. Jensen MT, Suadicani P, Hein HO, Gyntelberg F. Elevated resting heart rate, physical fitness and all-cause mortality: A 16-year follow-up in the Copenhagen Male Study. Heart, 2013;99(12):882–887.
4. Sandi IN. Pengaruh Latihan Fisik terhadap Frekuensi Denyut Nadi. Sport and Fitness Journal, 2016;4(2):1–6.
5. Sherwood L. Kelenjanr Edokrin Perifer. In: Suzannah A, Alexis G, Lauren C, Eds. Introduction to Human Physiology. 8th ed. Belmont: Cengage Learning, 2013:721-770.
6. Rosyanti L, Hadi I. Memahami Respons Stress Sebagai Bagian dari Kehidupan Seseorang. Kendari: Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Kendari, 2017.
7. Naim Z, Anwar K, Rahman A, Zuliani N. Physical Inactivity among Medical and Non-medical Students: A Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences, 2016;3(5):48–58.
8. Jafri SAM, Zaidi E, Aamir IS, Aziz HW, Imad-ud-Din, Shah MAH. Stress Level Comparison of Medical and Nonmedical Students: A Cross Sectional Study done at Various Professional Colleges in Karachi, Pakistan. Acta Psychopathologica, 2017;3(2):1–6.
9. Amoakwa K, Fashanu OE, Tibuakuu M, Zhao D, Guallar E, Whelton SP, et al. Resting heart rate and the incidence and progression of valvular calcium: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Atherosclerosis, 2018;273:45–52.
10. Adhitya SD. Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Operator Layanan Internet Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta; 2016.
11. Harahap N. Hubungan Stres Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama dengan Nilai Blok Study Skills di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara [Skripsi]. Medan: Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara; 2017.
12. Alfitachiyyah. Hubungan Tingkat Stres Terhadap Smartphone Addiction Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta Tahun [Skripsi]. Jakarta: Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta; 2020.
13. Hanson SL, Sooai CM, Purnajati OG. Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Denyut Nadi Istirahat pada Individu Berusia 20-24 Tahun di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana Yogyakarta [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana Yogyakarta; 2021.
14. Farradika Y, Umniyatun Y, Nurmansyah MI, Jannah M. Perilaku Aktivitas Fisik dan Determinannya pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka. ARKESMAS, 2019;4(1):134–142.
15. Prabamurti GA. Analisis Faktor-Faktor Pemicu Level Stres Akademik Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. INA-Rxiv Papers [update 25 June 2019; sitasi 30 Oct 2022]. Available from: https://osf.io/9rw8y/download/?format=pdf.
16. Sivan S, Rangasubhe P. Prevalence of stress and its associated factors. J Evol Med Dent Sci, 2013;2(48):9386–9394.
17. Hibatullah FN, Mulyati S, Ardiana D. Hubungan Kebiasaan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Denyut Jantung Istirahat pada Generasi Z [Skripsi]. Surabaya: Universitas Hang Tuah; 2021.
18. Aune D, Sen A, ó’Hartaigh B, Janszky I, Romundstad PR, Tonstad S, et al. Resting heart rate and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality - A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2017;27(6):504–517.
19. Saint‐Maurice PF, Troiano RP, Berrigan D, Kraus WE, Matthews CE. Volume of Light Versus Moderate‐to‐Vigorous Physical Activity: Similar Benefits for All‐Cause Mortality? J Am Heart Assoc, 2018;7(7).
20. Carnevali L, Sgoifo A. Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: The role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise. Front Physiol, 2014;5:118.
21. Reimers AK, Knapp G, Reimers CD. Effects of Exercise on the Resting Heart Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventional Studies. J Clin Med, 2018;7(12):1–30.
22. Siahaan PP, Purwanto B, Budiarto RM, Irwadi I. Physical Activity Level and Resting Heart Rate. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 2021;3(1):181–187.
23. Goorakani Y, Sedigh Rahimabadi M, Dehghan A, Kazemi M, Chijan MR, Bijani M, et al. Correlation of resting heart rate with anthropometric factors and serum biomarkers in a population-based study: Fasa PERSIAN cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 2020;20(1):1–9.
24. Haryono IR, Prastowo NA. Penyuluhan Teknik Berjalan Kaki yang Benar Bagi Kelompok Lanjut Usia di Gereja Kristen Indonesia Nurdin, Jakarta. Jurnal Bakti Masyarakat Indonesia, 2020;3(1):284–292.
25. Wahyuningsih AS. Membudayakan Jalan Kaki di Kampus Konservasi. Jurnal Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 2015;5(2):51–56.
26. Bahrainy S, Levy WC, Busey JM, Caldwell JH, Stratton JR. Exercise training bradycardia is largely explained by reduced intrinsic heart rate. Int J Cardiol, 2016;222:213–216.
27. Seedhom AE, Kamel EG, Mohammed ES, Raouf NR. Predictors of Perceived Stress among Medical and Nonmedical College Students, Minia, Egypt. Int J Prev Med, 2019;10(1).
28. Singh S, Prakash J, Das RC, Srivastava K. A cross-sectional assessment of stress, coping, and burnout in the final-year medical undergraduate students. Ind Psychiatry J, 2016;25(2):179.
29. Lee J-M, Kim HC, Kang JI, Suh I. Association between stressful life events and resting heart rate. BMC Psychol, 2014;2(1):1–9.
30. Hall JE, Hall ME. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. 14th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc., 2021.
31. Friesen J. Heart rate and self-reported stress: A real life measurement of the intra-individual relationship [Skripsi]. Enschede: University of Twente; 2018.
32. Sari SIK. Influence of Stress on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Levels of Salivary Amylase and Skin Temperature. JEMIS, 2016;4(2):109–120.
33. Brugnera A, Zarbo C, Tarvainen MP, Marchettini P, Adorni R, Compare A. Heart rate variability during acute psychosocial stress: A randomized cross-over trial of verbal and non-verbal laboratory stressors. Int J Psychophysiol, 2018;127:17–25.
34. Lutin E, Schiweck C, Cornelis J, de Raedt W, Reif A, Vrieze E, et al. The cumulative effect of chronic stress and depressive symptoms affects heart rate in a working population. Front Psychiatry, 2022;13:2345.
35. Schneider M, Kraemmer MM, Weber B, Schwerdtfeger AR. Life events are associated with elevated heart rate and reduced heart complexity to acute psychological stress. Biol Psychol, 2021;163:108116.
Published
2024-03-31
How to Cite
SYEFTIANI, Nabilatussalma et al.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN RESTING HEART RATE PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN.
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-11, mar. 2024.
ISSN 2655-6537.
Available at: <http://medikakartika.unjani.ac.id/medikakartika/index.php/mk/article/view/598>. Date accessed: 03 may 2024.
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