KARAKTERISTIK KIPI COVID-19 PADA LANSIA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS SENTOSA BARU
Abstract
Fenomena gunung es pada laporan kejadian ikutan pasca imunisasi (KIPI) Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) di wilayah Puskesmas Sentosa Baru menjadi masalah dalam usaha monitoring keamanan vaksin. Penelusuran terhadap estimasi besar kasus serta faktor penyebab KIPI COVID-19 perlu dilakukan untuk memaksimalkan evaluasi dari keamanan vaksin COVID-19. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik KIPI COVID-19 pada lanjut usia (lansia) di wilayah Puskesmas Sentosa Baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan pada Maret-Agustus 2022. Didapatkan sebanyak 185 responden berusia ≥60 tahun, yang diambil melalui simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa angka prevalensi KIPI COVID-19 pada lansia yaitu sebesar 74,6%, dengan reaksi sistemik seperti nyeri otot (61,6%), kelelahan (46,4%), dan pusing (36,2%) merupakan KIPI COVID-19 yang paling umum ditemukan pada lansia. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa vaksin COVID-19 dalam kategori aman digunakan oleh para lansia. Saran bagi pemerintah untuk peningkatan terhadap sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan KIPI COVID-19 yang lebih efektif.
Kata kunci: KIPI COVID-19, prevalensi, reaksi lokal, reaksi sistemik
References
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2. Di Pasquale A, Bonanni P, Garçon N, Stanberry LR, El-Hodhod M, Tavares Da Silva F. Vaccine safety evaluation: Practical aspects in assessing benefits and risks. Vaccine [Internet]. 2016 Dec 20 [cited 2022 Dec 4];34(52):6672–80. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27836435
3. Malik R, Indah D, Wati DL, Dewi SM, Budiarso L. Upaya pelaksanaan dan pemantauan kejadian kipi pada pelaksanaan vaksinasi COVID-19. Pros SENAPENMAS [Internet]. 2021 Nov 21;1011. Available from: https://journal.untar.ac.id/index.php/PSENAPENMAS/article/view/15135
4. WHO. Covid-19 Vaccine safety Surveillance Manual: Monitoring and responding to adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) [Internet]. 1st ed. World Health Organization, editor. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 1–2 p. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/WHO-MHP-RPQ-PVG-2021.4
5. Chen G, Li X, Sun M, Zhou Y, Yin M, Zhao B, et al. COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines Are Generally Safe in the Short Term: A Vaccine Vigilance Real-World Study Says. Front Immunol [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Dec 4];12:669010. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34093567
6. WHO. Causality assessment of an adverse event following immunization (AEFI): user manual for the revised WHO classification (Second edition) [Internet]. 2nd ed. WHO, editor. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 22 p. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516990
7. Takano T, Hirose M, Yamasaki Y, Hara M, Okada T, Kunishima H. Investigation of the incidence of immunisation stress-related response following COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers. J Infect Chemother [Internet]. 2022 Jun [cited 2022 Dec 4];28(6):735–40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35190259
8. Hoeve CE, Gadroen K, Kwa MSG, van Haren A, Sturkenboom MCJM, Straus SMJM. Fatal outcomes following immunization errors as reported to the EudraVigilance: A case series. Vaccine [Internet]. 2020 Mar 30 [cited 2022 Dec 4];38(15):3086–95. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32147297
9. WHO. Vaccination and trust: How concerns arise and the role of communication in mitigating crises [Internet]. 1st ed. World Health Organization, editor. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 21 p. Available from: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/329647/Vaccines-and-trust.PDF
10. Pourhoseingholi MA, Vahedi M, Rahimzadeh M. Sample size calculation in medical studies. Gastroenterol Hepatol from bed to bench [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2022 Dec 4];6(1):14–7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24834239
11. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Advances in Patient Safety: From Research to Implementation [Internet]. 1st ed. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, editor. Rockville: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2022 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 84 p. Available from: https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/reports/advances/index.html
12. Lounis M, Rais MA, Bencherit D, Aouissi HA, Oudjedi A, Klugarová J, et al. Side Effects of COVID-19 Inactivated Virus vs. Adenoviral Vector Vaccines: Experience of Algerian Healthcare Workers. Front public Heal [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Dec 4];10:896343. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35651866
13. Jayatilake J, Karunaratne H, Perera K, Dissanayake Y, Dileka W, Weerasinghe I, et al. Study on the adverse events following immunization (AEFI) of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a group of Sri Lankan medical officers. Sri Lankan J Infect Dis [Internet]. 2022 Apr 29 [cited 2022 Dec 4];12(1):11. Available from: https://sljid.sljol.info/article/10.4038/sljid.v12i1.8423/
14. Wu Q, Dudley MZ, Chen X, Bai X, Dong K, Zhuang T, et al. Evaluation of the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines: a rapid review. BMC Med [Internet]. 2021 Jul 28 [cited 2022 Dec 4];19(1):173. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34315454
15. Kaur RJ, Dutta S, Bhardwaj P, Charan J, Dhingra S, Mitra P, et al. Adverse Events Reported From COVID-19 Vaccine Trials: A Systematic Review. Indian J Clin Biochem [Internet]. 2021 Oct;36(4):427–39. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33814753
16. Kitagawa H, Kaiki Y, Sugiyama A, Nagashima S, Kurisu A, Nomura T, et al. Adverse reactions to the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in Japan. J Infect Chemother [Internet]. 2022 Apr [cited 2022 Dec 4];28(4):576–81. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35058126
17. Pormohammad A, Zarei M, Ghorbani S, Mohammadi M, Razizadeh MH, Turner DL, et al. Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Vaccines [Internet]. 2021 May 6 [cited 2022 Dec 4];9(5):467. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34066475
18. Australian Government. COVID-19 Side Effect: Side effect you might have after vaccination [Internet]. Canberra: Australian Government; 2021 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. p. 6–8. Available from: https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2021/07/covid-19-vaccination-side-effects-you-might-have-after-your-vaccination-easy-read.pdf
19. Maryam S, Ekasari MF, Rosidawati, Jubaedi A, Batubara I. Menengenal Usia Lanjut dan Perawatannya [Internet]. 1st ed. Anriani R, editor. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Medika; 2008 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 8 p. Available from: https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Menengenal_Usia_Lanjut_dan_Perawatannya/jxpDEZ27dnwC?hl=id&gbpv=0
20. Pipit FW. Lanjut Usia Perspektif dan Masalah [Internet]. 1st ed. Nasrullah D, editor. Surabaya: UMSurabaya Publishing; 2018 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 1–2 p. Available from: https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Lanjut_Usia_Perspektif_dan_Masalah/aPmvDwAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=0
21. Hilmer SN, Petrovic M, Le Couteur DG, Schwartz JB, Thuermann P. Development, evaluation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in older adults: Preliminary principles for the pandemic and beyond. Br J Clin Pharmacol [Internet]. 2021 Sep [cited 2022 Dec 4];87(9):3459–61. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34342013
22. Guerrant RL, Walker DH, Weller PF. Tropical Infectious Diseases: Principles, Pathogens and Practice E-Book [Internet]. 3rd ed. Hodgson S, editor. London: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2011 [cited 2022 Dec 4]. 503 p. Available from: https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Tropical_Infectious_Diseases_Principles/A7GVvFh4WZwC?hl=id&gbpv=0
23. Green MS, Peer V, Magid A, Hagani N, Anis E, Nitzan D. Gender Differences in Adverse Events Following the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines [Internet]. 2022 Feb 3 [cited 2022 Dec 4];10(2):233. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214694
24. Ripabelli G, Tamburro M, Buccieri N, Adesso C, Caggiano V, Cannizzaro F, et al. Active Surveillance of Adverse Events in Healthcare Workers Recipients After Vaccination with COVID-19 BNT162b2 Vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech, Comirnaty): A Cross-Sectional Study. J Community Health [Internet]. 2022 Apr [cited 2022 Dec 4];47(2):211–25. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34628568
25. Parida SP, Sahu DP, Singh AK, Alekhya G, Subba SH, Mishra A, et al. Adverse events following immunization of COVID-19 (Covaxin) vaccine at a tertiary care center of India. J Med Virol [Internet]. 2022 Jun [cited 2022 Dec 4];94(6):2453–9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35149993
26. Lopes SRC, Perin JLR, Prass TS, Carvalho SMD, Lessa SC, Dórea JG. Adverse Events Following Immunization in Brazil: Age of Child and Vaccine-Associated Risk Analysis Using Logistic Regression. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2018 Jun 1 [cited 2022 Dec 4];15(6):1149. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29865181
27. Liu Q, Qin C, Liu M, Liu J. Effectiveness and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in real-world studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Infect Dis poverty [Internet]. 2021 Nov 14 [cited 2022 Dec 4];10(1):132. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34776011
Published
2023-09-30
How to Cite
INSANI, Arrafi; ISMAH, Zata; SUSILAWATI, Susilawati.
KARAKTERISTIK KIPI COVID-19 PADA LANSIA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS SENTOSA BARU.
Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 3, p. 261-272, sep. 2023.
ISSN 2655-6537.
Available at: <http://medikakartika.unjani.ac.id/medikakartika/index.php/mk/article/view/507>. Date accessed: 03 july 2024.
Section
Articles
