GANGGUAN STRES PASCA TRAUMA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 : LAPORAN KASUS
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit menular yang dinyatakan sebagai suatu pandemi global. Merebaknya COVID-19 menjadi sebuah ancaman bagi kesehatan masyarakat dan dapat menyebabkan tekanan kesehatan mental, seperti Gangguan Stres Pasca Trauma (GSPT). GSPT merupakan gangguan kejiwaan yang terjadi setelah mengalami atau menyaksikan peristiwa menakutkan (stresor) dengan berbagai manifestasi. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk membahas hubungan COVID-19 yang menyebabkan GSPT dan mengetahui gejala GSPT pasca COVID-19. Kasus ini menyajikan seorang wanita 45 tahun dengan diagnosis GSPT pasca COVID-19 dengan manifestasi yang sesuai dengan kriteria dalam Pedoman Penggolongan dan Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa di Indonesia III (PPDGJ-III), seperti kesulitan tidur, menghindari berita mengenai COVID-19, jantung berdebar, peningkatan frekuensi pernapasan, dan kilas balik apabila mengetahui terdapat kerabat yang menderita COVID-19. Akibat dari COVID-19 seperti rawat inap di rumah sakit dapat menyebabkan stres dan menimbulkan beban pada kesehatan mental sehingga dapat dianggap sebagai suatu peristiwa traumatis. Di samping itu, invasi virus pada sistem saraf pusat (SSP) dapat menyebabkan gangguan neuropsikiatri akibat kerusakan saraf. Diagnosis GSPT ditegakkan berdasarkan PPDGJ-III dengan kurun waktu antara trauma dan gangguan timbul dalam 6 bulan setelah kejadian traumatis disertai berbagai manifestasi yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada fungsi normal individu.
Kata kunci : COVID-19, gangguan stres pasca trauma, GSPT
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