HUBUNGAN POSTUR TUBUH DENGAN NYERI LEHER DAN BAHU PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Abstract
Situasi pandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) mengharuskan mahasiswa mengikuti pembelajaran secara daring dari rumah, termasuk fakultas kedokteran. Padatnya waktu belajar dan banyaknya tugas di fakultas kedokteran menyebabkan mahasiswa harus berada dalam kondisi yang lama di depan layar monitor. Kondisi tersebut dapat menyebabkan timbulnya gangguan pada berbagai area tubuh termasuk leher dan bahu. Terlebih lagi apabila postur tubuh saat belajar mahasiswa tidak ergonomis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara postur tubuh dengan nyeri leher dan bahu pada mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran selama pembelajaran secara daring. Penelitian bersifat kuantitatif, analitik observasional, dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian adalah mahasiswa pada salah satu fakultas kedokteran di Jawa Barat dengan jumlah total 158 orang. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember tahun 2020. Penentuan postur tubuh berdasarkan penilaian terhadap posisi kepala dan siku dari foto saat belajar yang dikirimkan mahasiswa kepada peneliti, sedangkan nyeri pada leher dan bahu ditentukan berdasarkan pengisian mandiri pada kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM). Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan Chi Square dan Fisher Exact menggunakan software SPPS 20. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan sebagian besar posisi kepala dan siku tidak ergonomis. Keluhan muskuloskeletal dirasakan lebih banyak pada leher leher atas (62%) dan leher bawah (58,2%). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara posisi leher dengan nyeri leher bawah (p = 0,036) dan posisi siku dengan nyeri bahu kiri (p = 0,031). Diperlukan edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan praktik posisi tubuh yang ergonomis untuk menurunkan kemungkinan terjadinya nyeri pada berbagai area tubuh.
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