GAMBARAN VASKULARISASI MATA TIKUS DIABETIK YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN DAN DIBERIKAN NANOGOLD
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dapat menyebabkan komplikasi mikrovaskuler berupa retinopati. Prospek nanopartikel emas (nanogold) dalam mencegah komplikasi retinopati diabetikum dianggap baik karena mampu melewati penghalang darah-retina dan berasosiasi dengan sel epitel retina. Nanogold (AuNP) menekan berbagai ekspresi mediator inflamasi dan mengurangi radikal bebas yang meningkat akibat hiperglikemia. Berbagai studi membuktikan AuNP memiliki daya inhibisi terhadap TGF ß, VEGF, antiglikasi, dan antioksidan Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan coba tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) sebanyak 25 ekor yang dipisahkan secara acak menjadi lima kelompok, diinduksi oleh aloksan dan diberikan AuNP, inulin, dan keduanya untuk melihat gambaran vaskularisasi mata. Hasil pengukuran menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis dan Uji ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan kadar gula darah sewaktu antar kelompok tidak signifikan. Sementara, analisis gambaran vaskularisasi menggunakan uji pearson chi square menghasilkan pemberian kombinasi inulin dan nanogold dapat mencegah terjadinya vasodilatasi (Nilai p = 0,001) dan edema makula (Nilai p = 0,001). Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan proporsi yang signifikan pada kejadian perdarahan retina (Nilai p = 0,308). Stres oksidatif mendukung patogenesis komplikasi diabetik. Kombinasi inulin dan nanogold secara bersamaan memberikan efek yang tidak efektif terhadap menurunkan gula darah. Meskipun tidak dapat disimpulkan kemungkinan adanya interaksi antara inulin dan AuNP memberikan efek inhibisi terhadap kadar gula darah, kombinasi nanogold dan inulin memberikan efek protektif yang paling baik terhadap endotel retina mata karena dapat mencegah vasodilatasi, edema makula, dan perdarahan.
Kata kunci: aloksan, diabetik, nanogold, vaskularisasi
DOI : 10.35990/mk.v8n0.p1-12
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